Thursday, November 28, 2019

The greatness of little red riding hood Essay Example For Students

The greatness of little red riding hood Essay little red riding hood is one of the greatest folktales in the world! the original writer is unknown and yet each time i hear it i love it even more! little red riding hood is one of the greatest folktales in the world! the original writer is unknown and yet each time i hear it i love it even more! little red riding hood is one of the greatest folktales in the world! the original writer is unknown and yet each time i hear it i love it even more! little red riding hood is one of the greatest folktales in the world! the original writer is unknown and yet each time i hear it i love it even more! little red riding hood is one of the greatest folktales in the world! the original writer is unknown and yet each time i hear it i love it even more! little red riding hood is one of the greatest folktales in the world! the original writer is unknown and yet each time i hear it i love it even more! little red riding hood is one of the greatest folktales in the world! 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the original writer is unknown and yet each time i hear it i love it even more! little red riding hood is one of the greatest folktales in the world! the original writer is unknown and yet each time i hear it i love it even more! little red riding hood is one of the greatest folktales in the world! the original writer is unknown and yet each time i hear it i love it even more! little red riding hood is one of the greatest folktales in the world! the original writer is unknown and yet each time i hear it i love it even more! little red riding hood is one of the greatest folktales in the world! the original writer is unknown and yet each time i hear it i love it even more! little red riding hood is one of the greatest folktales in the world! the original writer is unknown and yet each time i hear it i love it even more! little red riding hood is one of the greatest folktales in the world! the original writer is unknown and yet each time i hear it i love it even more! little red riding hood is one of the greatest folktales in the world! the original writer is unknown and yet each time i hear it i love it even more! little red riding hood is one of the greatest folktales in the world! the original writer is unknown and yet each time i hear it i love it even more! little red riding hood is one of the greatest folktales in the world! the original writer is unknown and yet each time i hear it i love it even more! little red riding hood is one of the greatest folktales in the world! the original writer is unknown and yet each time i hear it i love it even more! little red riding hood is one of the greatest folktales in the world! the original writer is unknown and yet each time i hear it i love it even more! little red riding hood is one of the greatest folktales in the world! the original writer is unknown and yet each time i hear it i lo ve it even more! little red riding hood is one of the greatest folktales in the world! the original writer is unknown and yet each time i hear it i love it even more! chrissy10.comWords/ Pages : 1,231 / 24 .u6b784414fc079ef385c7df62bd7207ee , .u6b784414fc079ef385c7df62bd7207ee .postImageUrl , .u6b784414fc079ef385c7df62bd7207ee .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u6b784414fc079ef385c7df62bd7207ee , .u6b784414fc079ef385c7df62bd7207ee:hover , .u6b784414fc079ef385c7df62bd7207ee:visited , .u6b784414fc079ef385c7df62bd7207ee:active { border:0!important; } .u6b784414fc079ef385c7df62bd7207ee .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u6b784414fc079ef385c7df62bd7207ee { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u6b784414fc079ef385c7df62bd7207ee:active , .u6b784414fc079ef385c7df62bd7207ee:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u6b784414fc079ef385c7df62bd7207ee .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u6b784414fc079ef385c7df62bd7207ee .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u6b784414fc079ef385c7df62bd7207ee .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u6b784414fc079ef385c7df62bd7207ee .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u6b784414fc079ef385c7df62bd7207ee:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u6b784414fc079ef385c7df62bd7207ee .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u6b784414fc079ef385c7df62bd7207ee .u6b784414fc079ef385c7df62bd7207ee-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u6b784414fc079ef385c7df62bd7207ee:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Old Barn Essay We will write a custom essay on The greatness of little red riding hood specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now

Sunday, November 24, 2019

Essay on What Was the Factors Tah

Essay on What Was the Factors Tah Essay on What Was the Factors Tah | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |Topic 4.3 | | | |ACIDS AND BASES | | | |Bronsted-Lowry theory | |Acids and bases in water | |Calculating pH | |Buffer solutions | |Acid-alkali titrations | |Indicators | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

Thursday, November 21, 2019

Impact of divorce on the self esteem of teenage children Essay

Impact of divorce on the self esteem of teenage children - Essay Example Primarily, the focus of this research shall handle the different issues that concern the explanation as to how divorce actually affects the self-esteem of the youth who are likely involved with parent who have been divorced or undergoing divorce proceedings at present. What are the effects of such situations that are likely to directly mandate the growth of the youths involved in it? How is their self-esteem affected by the fact that they are born to broken families? Why should these particular issues be given outstanding care and understanding by the society today? These questions shall be further addressed through the research that follows through. More than nine out of ten people at some point who tie the knots of their relationship end up separated after a few months or several years of marriage. Around the world, there are already at least 30% of the entire continental population that recognizes divorce as a legal matter that needs to be considered in giving way to the freedom of individuals to choose the right partner for their own. The roller coaster of the situation of families today actually demote the massive changes that are happening within the family relationships that used to be traditionally in tact. Considering this particular fact, it is undeniable that marriage and family issues are then rather increasingly affecting the people that are concerned with in the relationships that are involved herein. Likely, the most devastated members of the family when such situations occur are the children. It could not be denied that the children are the ones who are suffering from the effects of divorce. How true is this? In what particular aspect of growth are the young ones affected by the separation of their parents? What does real reports say about this matter? To be able to give a clarified identification of the questions raised in the

Wednesday, November 20, 2019

Complex Project Management of Effective Project Management Assignment

Complex Project Management of Effective Project Management - Assignment Example The second main step of approaching complex projects is deeper and involves those projects whose main goal cannot be clearly defined, mainly referred to as the extreme projects. Such a goal is desired although it may not be possible to attain it. As a result of the increasing dynamic conditions in the contemporary project management, it is important for project management and stakeholders to make good choices of the best fit between problem-solution models and the final achievements of the project goals and objectives. Contemporary projects are becoming more uncertain, and with such increasing uncertainty come increased risk and complexity. Such uncertainty is due to changing market conditions that lead to high-change and high-speed responses in order to produce solutions that lead to more competitive advantage. On the other hand, complexity occurs due to a solution that eludes detection and thus, challenging to find, which may impose difficulties to the project manager to develop appropriate responses (Wysocki, 2014). The aspects of uncertainty and complexity are directly and positively correlated and thus, risk increases with increasing uncertainty and complexity. It is in this regard that as projects turn out to be more complex, they are dominated by higher levels of uncertainty. Such increase in project complexity leads to changes in different aspects of the project. Project requirements are a major factor to change due to increasing complexity. As complexity increases in a project, the chance of coming up with the complete definition of its requirements diminishes. At other fundamental levels, the project scope may become complex at later stages, which may raise the need for more requirements. In addition, as the complexity of the project increases, the need for flexibility in the main processes involved also increases. It is through increasing complexity that the need for project stakeholders

Monday, November 18, 2019

Third-Party Logistic Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Third-Party Logistic - Essay Example The third party logistics is an innovation that has become an inevitable solution for companies. Studies show that the rate of dependency of the 3PL has grown over the years. This is because of the integration model that most 3PL providers include in their package ranging from inventory management, fleet management, and order processing, forwarding among other functions. This puts 3PL providers at the strategic intermediary position that cannot be bypassed by any business. This is very true because 3PL providers are of two categories. The asset based 3PL and the non-asset based 3PL.The latter provides consult services, brokerage, forwarder, marketing companies and information systems management services. The former however provides the transportation and warehousing solutions to business. Both these 3PL act as either direct contractors or sub-contractors to the contracted Logistics Service Provider. The main advantage of acquiring 3PL services is the direct capital cost that can be a voided by outsourcing logistics. This means that businesses do not have to worry about the cost of acquiring modes of transport and managing the modes of transport. Outsourcing logistics means that the company can concentrate on its core business without worrying about factors such as fleet maintenance and the extra costs of paying drivers, mechanics and even security for the vehicles. Another huge cost that a company avoids is the cost of parking the vehicles and coordinating the fleet and routines of the modes of transport.

Friday, November 15, 2019

Systematized Integration of Credit Reference Agencies

Systematized Integration of Credit Reference Agencies Table of Contents (Jump to) Abstract Introduction The Problem Case Studies/Examples Nigeria Tanzania Kenya Uganda Solutions/Synthesis Conclusion With unprecedented growth and an increasingly competitive global community on the horizon, Africa’s economic revolution is intimately linked to their fiscal capabilities. It is within this broad spectrum of economic expansion that businesses and individuals are directly linked to their capacity to borrow and reinvest capital into sustainable endeavors. African nationals have endured centuries of political and economic turmoil, finally reaching a precipice from which to launch a reformative program which supports internal growth and global competition. Credit reference agencies play an intricate role in this restructuring, as provision of finance is entirely dependent on their historic records and the collaborative efforts of the loosely knit African banking community. This paper explores examples of internal frailties within the credit system and proposes solutions towards overcoming inadequate resources through systematized integration of credit reference agencies. As the British and French colonists sailed away from Africa’s northern shore, they left behind their legacy, one of tumult and uncertainty. The development of Africa’s political and economic structure in the wake of colonial oppression has been a difficult and war-stricken path, one which remains uncertain and ambiguous today. Ultimately, however, in order to support some of the world’s most populated regions, the foundation for economic security and opportunity must be laid and supported. Recognizing that the incidence of poverty throughout Africa is unacceptable and consistently counterproductive, the inefficiencies within the African conglomerate system demand revision; and through dramatic reform mechanisms, sustainable industry and globally directed participation will ensure that African nationals are given an opportunity to escape their impoverished existence. Yet there remain a wide range of conflicting solutions, many of which are directly related to the very colonial heritage which placed African countries in this predicament to begin with. The future of economic growth for these citizens is directly linked to the available funding which can be proffered for development of business and expansion of industry. Currently, funding methods are limited to informal requisition stemming from the family and friends of entrepreneurs seeking materials and startup capital. As banks hoard their capital in light of the extremely high number of historic defaults which they have endured, the industry must turn to more strategic methods of evaluating the potential recipient and continue to expand their lending operations. There is a pervasive lack of credit reference agencies throughout the African continent which continues to detract from bank confidence levels and the availability of funding for activation of economic growth. Given the competitive nat ure of the global environment, inspiring industrial advances should be at the forefront of governmental strategy as in order to maintain the recent financial successes which have sustained incremental poverty reduction, participation on a global scale is becoming a necessity. In spite of the hesitation and challenges which surrounds the creation of translatable credit reference agencies, the future of the African national depends on the wealth of information which they will come to retain. As enterprise is directly dependent on available investment funds, participants continue to seek methods of revenue generation, and through well-informed credit outlets, the participative nature of expanding economics will enable entrepreneurs and businesses to expand their berth and actively compete on a much more even playing field. As Africa as a whole continues to struggle against rampant economic instability, popular theories recognize a variety of insufficiencies, including lack of available infrastructure, inadequate educational facilities and programs, and limited health care opportunities as main failures within the collaborative regime. There is, however, another piece of the African economic puzzle which has yet to evolve to meet modern competitive expectations, and that is the systematized inclusion of credit reference agencies and their foundation support mechanisms in the development of commerce and private finance. From a historic perspective, the early development of credit initiatives in Sub-Saharan Africa was entirely localized to a protective function of selective credit allocation. It was within this framework that central banks and government controlled credit mechanisms were strictly regulated, leading to substantial economic decline in the ‘80’s and ‘90’s (McDonald and Schumacher, 2007). Ultimately, banking institutions were used as a domestic funding mechanism for government programs and initiatives; however, this reduction of financial resources meant a limited availability of capital for private borrowers and desirous businesses. As developing economies evolve rapidly through a structure of industry generation, perhaps the most important component is found within the definitive walls of small to medium enterprise (SME’s), and their inclusion in growth and capital contribution is essential to stabilize a burgeoning economy (Quintyn, 2008). African economies developed in spite of lackluster credit programs, as government borrowing reformed dramatically to include the much more liquid and readily available foreign capital market in addition to foreign aid. Beraho (2007) cites the colonial legacy as a direct determinant of the modern economic frailties of Sub-Saharan Africa. Ultimately, the influence of colonial overseers was immediately entrenched in the assumed economic structure during periods of instability following the post-colonial independence. The extreme poverty which accompanied post-colonial activity left African nations rich in natural resources but limited in capacity for export and financial generation. In response, domestic debt, a form of government sustenance, has been credited with substantial reduction of available capital for lending purposes. Across Sub-Saharan Africa, the ratio of debt to broad money has held constant at 40%, dramatically reducing available financial resources for financing and supp orting private initiatives (Christensen, 2004). Escaping the confines of such imbalances has been a slow and difficult process; however, as foreign aid programs and the World Bank become increasingly involved, reform is slowly achieved. Mylenko (2008) notes that given the stabilization of the African macroeconomy as well as lower inflation and improved government treasury monitoring and regulation, banks have been increasingly able to turn towards lending opportunities. Africa is represented by the world’s most rapidly growing, yet equitably expiring population, and is limited by inefficiencies in their structural systems as they are characterized as â€Å"the world’s hardest working yet least productive† people (Kolo, 2006, p. 596). It is from this inefficient system that severe poverty has overwhelmed a diverse and frustrated people and continued limitations spawn from inappropriate fiscal programs and activities. There is a sustained movement towards more supportive programs, and much of the fiscal evolution over the past decades in Sub-Saharan Africa has been regulated and guided by intra-national monetary unions. Participants in the WAEMU (West African Economic and Monetary Union) include Benin, Burkina Faso, Cote D’Ivoire, Guinea-Bissau, Mali, Niger, Senegal, and Togo. Other monetary unions include the WAMZ (West African Monetary Zone) represented by Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Nigeria, and Sierra Leone, as well as the CEMAC (Economic and Monetary Union of Central Africa) inclusive of Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Republic of Congo, Equatorial Guinea, and Gabon. It is extremely important to recognize these collaborative monetary efforts given the expanding nature of modern credit reference agencies, as bank collaboration intra-monetarily is a direct representation of the expansionary reality which demonstrates potential for additional corroboration. Analysis of performance in dicators over the history of these African Monetary Unions offers substantial implications for other developing nations. Comparatively, the average inflation differential equates to between 8 and 10 percentage points lower in comparison to other low to medium income nations (Gosh et al., 2006). Interestingly, researchers equate the majority of this reduction to monetary discipline, while approximately twenty percent is relative to international confidence levels given the combinative national participation (Gosh et al., 2006). The development of private finance over the past decade has occurred as a direct result of revised fiscal policies throughout the African continent including the combined efforts of multi-national partnerships. There remains, however, a significant piece of the credit market puzzle which has yet to evolve into a supportive and extensively viable practice, and that is the creation and practice of credit reference agencies. The nature of such entities is one from which both consumer and lender confidence is fully integrated into the business cycle and default is directly undermined by the framework of the system itself. Data demonstrates that the issuance of private sector credit in Sub-Saharan Africa declined in a period between 1980 and 2004 from 15.6 percent of GDP to 15.1; comparatively, growth rates in Asia more than doubled, elevating private sector credit levels to over 40 percent of GDP, and in Latin America, incidence grew by over 50 percent, elevating levels to over 20 percen t of GDP (â€Å"Regional Economic Outlook: Sub-Saharan Africa,† 2008). There exists a pitfall of significant registry deficiency which continues to detract from the participative efforts of banks and credit reference agencies. Given the nature of Africa’s structural evolution, emphasis has slowly begun to shift towards national registries which incorporate accurate reference for mortgages and property data so as to accurately integrate collateral data into the developing structure of credit agencies (Sacerdoti, 2005). Ultimately, these registries are essential to establishing a standardized framework of collateral and credit reform. McDonald and Schumacher (2007) have determined that there is a complimentary relationship between credit issuance and the strength of creditor rights, namely the culpability and recoup potential given the incidence of default. As much of African credit heritage is characterized by default, there is little room for modern programs to allow continued systematic failures. The nature of credit reference agencies opportune an evolve structure from which to ensure compliance and stabilize a deviant legacy of poor payment history. The challenges which face Africa begin with its current lack of structural capacity, namely registration, standardized policy and legislation, and the volatile nature of government organizations. To overcome the credit crisis and define an effective program, evolution of African economic structures including opportunities for entrepreneurs and SME’s will be essential parts of the rehabilitiation. One method which has already generated support and shown long term successes is that of microenterprise and microfinance loans. Rhyne and Otero (1994) recognize that in spite of the arbitrary nature of its definition, that microenterprise is generally accepted as a company with less than ten employees and is relegated to the non-agricultural sector of the business community. Additionally, these businesses are oftentimes a source of income which arise where no alternative method for financial gain is available. Given the extreme impoverishment within the African borders, implementing s upportive programs is an essential tactic, one which will offer long term stability and positive reform mechanisms for a needy and desirous population. This paper seeks to identify some of the more prominent systematic failures within specific African infrastructures through specific case studies and devise strategy for evading, manipulating, and evolving such systems to meet financial demand and overcome the credit dilemma. Ultimately, the solutions herein recognize the necessity of credit reference agencies and through the integration of such programs, solutions can be drawn from which to prioritize their sustainability. As integrating credit bureaus and agencies into a frail infrastructure is a long term goal, identifying the key areas of potential failure prior to inception is essential to prudent and productive creation. Ultimately, the findings of this paper determine that given the nature of globalized capitalism, credit reference agencies offer a singular solution from which to pull Africa from the depths of poverty and define its prosperous multinational future. While foreign aid and government reform will assist to waylay many of Africa’s social problems, the only true option for overcoming extreme economic difficulties is through supportive initiatives which redistribute opportunities for wealth among the people who truly need sustainable financial sustenance. In order to ensure that such distribution is appropriately allocated, the historic nature of the credit reference agency will ensure that banks and credit corporations have adequate reference from which to offer the necessary funds for generation of commerce and industry. The following section represents a sample set of a diverse grouping of African participants. Each of these nations has undergone periods of remarkable recovery yet remains limited in this credit reference agency participation. While developmentally exploiting both natural and human resources to overcome the throes of poverty, these nations have yet to fully extract their legacy from the limiting factors which have undermined social and economic efforts for the past decades. Nigeria Nigeria represents a nation of over 144,700 million inhabitants of which over 54 percent currently live in abject poverty (World Bank, 2008). Endeavoring to stabilize their vacillating economy, government leaders have embarked upon a process of economic reform and consolidation over the past decade with decidedly positive results. Much of the evolution of this economy owes its legacy to the rising oil prices and increased exports in this area as demand continues to pay dividend to a resource rich Nigerian population. Unfortunately, there are other limiting constraints which continue to undermine rapid economic evolution on a broad scale, and as the population continues to grow at an annual rate of over 2.4%, there remains significant opportunity for developing internal modes of sustenance and advanced and sustainable industries to push the Nigerian economy forward (World Bank, 2008). Exemplary of the limiting factors now facing the Nigerian people, the lack of a substantial credit system, and importantly, credit reference agency, has historically undermined entrepreneurial efforts and small to medium enterprise, the keys to sustained economic growth. Before the 2005 consolidation period, over 20% of loans made by Nigerian banks were non-performing, as opposed to the remarkable decline of this negative incidence to just over 8.4% in 2007 (Corbett, 2008). It is a direct result of this negative outlook towards loan participants that the Credit Reference Company of Nigeria has been created in past years which utilizes a network of 11 banks to standardize the systematic handling of customer information and credit history. Pre-consolidation Nigerian banks could not fund long term projects due to their short term capital capabilities, in recent years, this process has now evolved to include 10-20 year loans, thereby enabling infrastructural development and social reform (Corbett 2008). As the majority of Nigerian nationals have limited desire to trust their savings to the banking system, much of the evolution over the past years has required significant adjustment in public perspective and a necessary increase in consumer confidence. In Nigeria, private sector credit and banking deposits have doubled since the 2005 banking consolidation and the number of banking branches have increased by over one third (IMF Country Report, 2008). As a testament to the efforts at financial modernization, the expansion of this banking network is a direct indication of a necessitated communication network, one which has the capacity to share consumer information and at the same time, retain the privacy of these participants. Indicative of the evolving perception regarding credit and modern purchasing methods, in 2004, Nigeria recorded less than 50,000 credit card transactions per month as opposed to the remarkable growth to over 51,000,000 per month that were recorded in March of 200 8 (â€Å"Nigeria; The Rise of the Card Payment System,† 2008). Yet these charges are not representative of an extension of credit and simply attest to the acceptance of electronic payment processing as inhabitants continue to support alternate modes of payment. Unfortunately, in spite of bank and economic reform, poverty levels are holding at approximately 55 percent of the Nigerian population, further exacerbated by limited resources available given the rising population and under capitalized infrastructural reform (IMF Country Report, 2008). It is within the incapacitated growth mechanisms that Nigerian credit reference agencies are most needed, as funding unprecedented reform requires the capabilities which can only be imbued through finance and bank funding mechanisms. Recognizing the SME’s hold a key to Nigerian development, there is continued support for credit based initiatives from which to extend financial opportunities to these developing industries. The IFC (International Finance Corporation), a World Bank affiliate continues offer its partnership as Nigeria strives to develop and maintain consumer data, their efforts intimately linked with the economic future of the nation. Tanzania Tanzania, a much smaller nation than Nigeria, is represented by a population of over 39.5 million inhabitants, over 36 percent of whom live below the poverty line (World Bank, 2008). Equally representative of the reformation efforts of developing African countries, Tanzania has endeavored to undergo structural evolution in the past few decades, actively pursuing economic opportunity for its population who continues to expand by around 2.6 percent annually. One of the most significant failures within the Tanzanian system has been the lack of property registry. The World Bank (2005) reported that 90 percent of nationals could not be located through property registry and only had six national offices at their disposal for registry purposes, each fraught with unnecessary and â€Å"irrelevant red tape.† Given this lack of registry foundation, there is little collateral leverage to be gained by participating in government registration programs, therefore, citizens do not find overwh elming motivation or desire to legalize their claims to land. Additionally, the World Bank (2005) notes that there is limited liquidity of property rights for similar reasons of registration difficulties and obscure transference policies, therefore, entrepreneurs have limited opportunity to leverage their properties and gain the initial financing needed for startup capital. Characteristic of more widespread African credit issues, only 4 percent of respondents in a recent survey claimed access to trade credit as a source of start-up finances, thereby placing all required resources directly at the informal level and limited to a partnered initiative between friends and private investors (Sharma and Upneja, 2005). This failure within the credit system is directly related to the lack of credit reference agencies and the supportive information they could provide; however, given the state of the Tanzanian recording structure, there seems to be a much more pressing issue of registry and records to overcome before such projects can become a reality. In addition to the failure to support corporate trade credit, there is an overall limitation which is obvious when considering the widespread state of Tanzanian credit. More formal data recognized private credit initiatives at 8 percent of GDP in 2005; however, comparatively Kenya’s private credit in the same period was over 23 percent of GDP (World Bank, 2005). The lack of lending directly correlates to the lack of creditor rights and available, traceable collateral for loans. As default rates continue to undermine any efforts towards credit system evolution, there remains a substantial field of doubt which overwhelms banks and their lending efforts. Given the disconnect between small businesses and reception of credit from Tanzanian banks, the ability to start and maintain a business in the modern environment is extremely limited and continues to be undermined by a lack of capital. Most concerning is that given the lack of external funding, disposable income or working capital is thereby reintegrated into the business and utilized for daily refurbishments as available. Tanzanian business owners are therefore limited by both the economic factors which drive the success of their business, and their own personal integration into the business operations through consummation of personal finance, lack of new equipment and materials, and inability to improve upon current models to evolve standards to more modern efficiencies (Sharma and Upneja, 2005). These failures are a direct result of the Tanzanian credit crisis and requite the inclusion of a well positioned credit reporting agency in order to ensure that SME’s have sustaine d opportunities for generating much needed investment capital. One of the most remarkable advances which has sustained the fleeting, but evolving stability that is becoming visible within the Tanzanian infrastructure is the adjustment of government funding from domestic lending to foreign sources and foreign aid (Sharma and Upneja, 2005; World Bank, 2005). Eliminating this form of consequential taxation on bank reserves has expanded the Tanzanian opportunity for investment and greater private funding. Unfortunately, characteristic of other African nations, a lack of any form of credit reference agency prevents broad based credit dispersion among citizens and thereby limits loans to corporations and larger scale economic participants. Tanzania currently has plans to develop and establish an operational credit reference databank by the end of June, 2009 in order to extend credit into the private sector. The extension of private credit is currently projected to increase around 22 percent per year yet is entirely linked to governmental stability and internal mechanisms of fiscal policies (â€Å"United Republic of Tanzania: Third Review Under the Policy Support Instrument,† 2008). The nature of finance is derived from available resources which can be distributed for a nominal return. Given the current state of government spending, this opportunity is more realistic today than it has ever been; however, the Tanzanian government must evade the pitfalls of internal borrowing in order to enable these funds to be distributed among industrial participants, thereby facilitating the expansion of industry and inclusion of additional commerce in the resource limited business sector. Kenya Kenya is a nation of similar size to Tanzania, boasting a population of just over 36.6 million people, yet over 55.5 percent of these inhabitants live below the poverty line (Population Reference Bureau, 2008). Most significant in Kenya’s modern history, political unrest and lacking economic growth have continued to undermine efforts of reform and population support mechanisms. Credit considerations are simply another indication of the limited capabilities which a tumultuous nation has to overcome its financial and social deficits. In 2003, over one third of all bank loans were considered non-performing (NPL’s), directly undermining the lending power of institutions, as well as enhancing the proclivity for default among participants (â€Å"Kenya: Bankers Unveil Plan to Keep Tabs on Borrowers,† 2007). In spite of the frail political economy, currently the development of a credit reference bureau is in its advanced stages, as recognizing the merits of such collabor ative information sharing, Kenyan banks actively seek to minimize risk and improve their loan to repayment ratios. Remarkably, in Kenya, over recent decades exceptional opportunities have evolved for entrepreneurial credit extension as startup capital and materials costs represent a substantial portion of business success ratios. Kenyan extension of credit is significantly higher than other African regions as over 85 percent of businesses currently have opportunity to borrow from their providers (World Bank, 2004). These surveyed corporations, while a representation of Kenyan businesses, offer an optimistic perspective on the future of industry and finance. Given the relative youth of the Kenyan population with 4 out of every 10 citizens being under the age of 15, there is substantial opportunity to ensure that financial resources are available for these growing future business owners (Population reference Bureau, 2008). Ultimately, Kenya presents a fairly optimistic outlook for the future of credit extension and opportunities for broad scale industrial financing; however, the completion and full integration of their credit reference bureau stands to offer the most reliable statistics after its inception later this year. Uganda Uganda, a nation of 29.9 million citizens, has continued to experience substantial population growth over the past decade, holding near 3.2 percent, a number significantly advanced from other referenced African nations (World Bank, 2008). Of significant concern to the development of a progressive Ugandan infrastructure, trade credit plays an intricate part in sustaining emerging business and defining industrial evolution. Current statistics demonstrate that only 60 percent of firms have access to this capital as material providers must, themselves, be supplied with the external financial means from banking institutions to extend such credit (World Bank, 2004). When firms are afforded the opportunity to borrow directly from banking institutions, the interest fees associated with such loans are oftentimes overwhelmingly costly and therefore, detract from the efficacy of such endeavors. Overwhelmingly, the inadequacies within the Ugandan credit structure can be directly attributed to a lack of credit tracking mechanisms, and thereby, the capacity for benchmarking and substantiation of creditworthiness. Researchers note that over 40 percent of all loans held in Uganda have a maturity date of one year or less; and of those firms who to receive loans, over 60 percent of all participants are required to post collateral as a loan prerequisite (World Bank, 2004). Essentially, this extreme precedence of default aversion represents an obvious inadequacy in the Ugandan credit reporting system, as given more stringent standards and a confluence of bank participants, protection mechanisms would become fully integrated with the reporting system, providing a deterrence net to reduce defaults through natural and appropriate fiscal processes. Characteristic of many African nations, the pervasive nation of credit doubt in terms of default and repayment potential is an indication of the necessity for credit reference agency construction. As lenders seek to develop new streams of available capital, Ugandan SME’s represent an expanding opportunity, however, they will require support from struc tural evolution in order to ensure their continued operation. There are extreme challenges presented by the African credit woes, most of which will not be overcome through foreign aid or current infrastructure development programs. Indicated by the nations herein, there is substantial need for integration of credit reference agencies into the structure of these modernizing nations; specifically, there is a need for support of small to medium enterprise and the merits of developing an economy through advanced and evolving industry. Ultimately, determining a singular solution to the credit crisis is impossible, however, by coupling several key zones of evolution into a targeted plan of action, the potential for sustained advancement becomes a much more plausible reality. Quintyn (2008) noted that other developing nations who have evolved through similar credit challenges have utilized a form of hub and spoke credit agency system from which to operate these units with limited startup capital required for each branch. In its â€Å"Regional Economic Outlook† (2008), the IMF recognizes that there is a need for leveraged reference agencies, specifically those who are sustained by a technologically advanced central hub yet localize their economy of scale operations in areas of public access. Given the limited nature of credit agencies, a hub and spoke system would reduced the cost of a credit report by $ 2-5 and allow firms the opportunity to extend credit more freely given the support base of their regional offices. The IMF (2008) also recognizes that current credit offerings are only 200,000 people out of every 15 million, a direct result of a lack of credit data and agency interaction within the modern banking structure. In order to overcome the geographical, political, and economic constraints which undermine the constructs of a successful African credit program, the continuity of credit reporting policies across geographic lines must be maintained. While banking unions have taken the initiative to link participants, there remain additional opportunities for broad scale communication expansion and technically advanced sharing techniques which protect both the consumer and the bank from fraud. In spite of the banking cooperatives which are integrated into the Western and Central African economic structures, there remains a difficult framework for monetary exchange outside of these conglomerates. Pervasive in widespread Sub-Saharan fiscal analysis, the necessity of a central banking structure continues to challenge unorganized methods of bank-dominated financial systems. The application of such a combinative operation is one which would assist in the integration of regional credit reference agencies with centralized control mechanisms. This transformation of the informal structure into a more systematized and coordinated pragmatism would generate synergies between monetary policy and banking oversight, thereby establishing a supervisory committee while propagating a bank dominated industry (Quintyn, 2008). The central oversight which is lacking in terms of African banks is basically a function of communicable objectives, a framework which is essential when considering the n ature of investing in economic futures. African capacity for growth is readily foreseeable, however, there must be an active pursuit of this evolution, one which directly integrates the unique partnerships of a banking network and captures communicative data which is readily available across geographic lines. There is a continued deficit within the African lending structure, one which demands reform and challenges banks to contin

Wednesday, November 13, 2019

Kindergarten in Turkey :: Education

Living conditions, which are very poor in Turkey, affect the contentment of the people significantly. Hence, many women who have any children have to work to help family budget and for live in more comfort. Today, working outside is a fashion for women it gives women an economic liberty and respect. That is good for them however, from the side of many young children that is bad because they have to go kindergartens when their mothers go to work. Nowadays, the number of children who go to kindergartens is increasing rapidly. Unfortunately, many of them are growing up without their mother’s love. So sending children to kindergartens causes some problems which are so important like missing or hating mother and home, being a stressful person in early ages and so on. The major cause of hating mother is spending all childhood in nurseries. Today, we can see in news many teenagers are killing their mothers due to lack of mothers’ love. Their mothers are a normal person for them however we cannot deny that mothers are holly existences for us. So if there is not a necessity, women should not work outside or else, they should look after their children after the work. The other equally significant point is being a stressful person in the future life. Many scientists believe that living in a routine reason for stress. Moreover, in kindergarten children are getting used to a routine life. Therefore these young children meet stress in their early ages and they will more stressful people in their future lives because in nursery there is a hard and well disciplined education. In contrast to these many people claim that kindergartens make children more social in the society. However these claimants do not know that kindergartens cannot give a real parent’s love so if children do not have real love, they will not love their children so this will continue and love between children and parents will be end.

Sunday, November 10, 2019

First Amendment to the United States constitution Essay

Do videogames really need to be censored by the United States’ Government? Over the past several years there has been a controversial court case under discussion to censor videogames. This case is trying to get the United States’ Government to prohibit the selling of all videogames that may include graphic violence, virtual sex, violent and gory scenes, partial or full nudity, portrayal of criminal behavior or other provocative and objectionable material (Mears, Para 1). There are numerous arguments why videogames should or should not be censored. Videogames should not be censored because parents should show responsibility in raising their children, it is unconstitutional, videogame companies take enough steps to already censor their products already, and censorship would impact the videogame industry tremendously. During the past years there has been the first ever videogame court case called Schwarzenegger v. Entertainment Merchants Association, trying to pass a law against selling or renting violent games to minors (Scholssman, Para 1). This case has been going on for several years and has recently escalated all the way to the Supreme Court. The morning of November 2, 2010, the United States Supreme Court began hearing oral arguments for this case. During the oral arguments; both sides gave their reasons of why they thought the bill should be approved or thrown out. During the oral arguments of the Californian Representative; Justice Scalia brought up the point that even Grimm’s Fairy Tales, a series of German household and children fairy tales, are violent and could these be excluded by the law. This brought up instant argument weather or not could this be broadened to just video games or all sources of entertainment that could be considered violent that minors have access to (Attack of the Show, 2010). This case goes all the way back six years to 2004, with the Grand Theft Auto San Andreas: Hot Coffee scandal where players could download a mod that allowed characters to have sex with each other. This case could result in videogames being classified in the same way as extreme pornographic material. Another game that is used to support the court case it Postal 2. This game is a horrible example to represent the videogaming industry, because of the fact this it is arguably the most violent and intense videogame. Postal 2 is a first person shooter released in 2003, which brought up an enormous amount of controversy. Mears says, â€Å"Postal 2 features the adventures of the ‘Postal Dude,’†¦must confront everyday tasks. But how he handles these errands—with the power to behead girls, shoot police and urinate on victims† (Para 1). Due to the amount of graphic violence in the gameplay Postal 2 has been banned in several countries. The Californian State Senator Leeland Yee targeted the Entertainment Software Rating Board (ESRB) for not putting an adult only rating on the game. Yee’s comment on the scandal brought back up the controversial topic of censoring certain videogames. Yee introduced a bill that will criminalize the sale of â€Å"ultraviolent† videogames to minors. This bill will result in videogame retailers to keep adult title games separate from other games on the market. The bill would fine retailers as much as one-thousand dollars per-sale for any game they sold to minors. In 2004 Yee’s bill was signed by Californian Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger into law and prohibiting selling games containing adult content to any minor. This law was fought in court and ruled unconstitutional (Ishimoto, Attack of the Show). Banning the rights to a consumer to purchase and play specific types of videogames violates the 1st Amendment of the United States Constitution. This court case is still ongoing and the Supreme Court can go either way with their final decision. Adam Sessler from Attack of the Show says that the opposing argument of this bill is that this is a very broad law. In the California State Government’s own words, â€Å"ultraviolent entertainment† is what a huge piece a content that is has brought up controversy, but in this bill they are very vague of what that constitutes. They have listed â€Å"killing, maiming, torturing of human beings†, but does not specify if a game like Call of Duty or a more violent game like Postal 2 is the problem. To counteract this Yee, says that this bill is not directed towards all violent videogames, but only the â€Å"interactive ultraviolent† types of games. This brought up the point that all games are interactive in some way. As of now Yee does not think his bill will pass in the way it is written because it is not specific enough (Attack of the Show, 2010). After the oral arguments, almost all of the justices thought this bill was too vague and can be broadly applied. They said that it would put too much of a restriction on game publishers and writers with their First Amendment Rights. One of the biggest arguments against this case is that it is none of the government’s business what children can and cannot watch. From the CATO Institute Adam Thiere says, â€Å"In a free society parents should decide what their children see, hear, or play; Uncle Sam should not serve as a surrogate parent† (Para 7). Thiere is saying that parents can and should be able to decide what their children do. Thiere believes that the government already regulates enough in society and that parent should be able to choose what their children can do in their own personal time. Under the Representative Democracy form of government parents should be allowed to set their own limitations on their own children. If the government regulated how parents raised their own children, it would mirror a communist dictatorship. All children should be raised differently under their parent’s standards. Thiere says, â€Å"All ‘one-size-fits-all’ forms of content regulation are unlikely to recognize that different parents have different definitions of what constitutes acceptable for their children. The eye of the beholder makes a difference and in a free society it is the eyes (and ears) of parents that should decide what is in the best interests of their children† (Para 7). Parents should be able to mold and bring their child up the way they want. This law would put limitations on what parents can and cannot do with their very own children. Videogames are what children do for fun as a hobby. Videogame censorship is a topic serious enough to require a written law for parents to monitor their children. Even if the bill is passed, parents that do not mind their kids playing these games will just purchase the games for their children anyways. The government does not need to have laws to censor what minors buy and play since videogame producers look out for what happens to the children that play their games. Joe Sapp from the International Game Developers Association says that, â€Å"The IGDA stands behind informing parents about their media decisions and allowing them, rather than governmental bodies, to decide for their children† (Para 6). The Entertainment Software Rating Board helps parents monitor what their children play. One of the last steps that’s taken before a game is released is, â€Å"Game publishers submit responses to a detailed written ESRB questionnaire (often supplementing such responses with lyric sheets scripts, etc. ), specifying exactly what pertinent content will be in the game. Along with the written submission materials, publishers must provide a DVD which captures all pertinent content† (Para 1). Both the game producers and the ESRB take these steps to inform the public of the content of their games. After the questionnaire has been submitted, staff members from the ESRB play a version of the game and the game material and DVD are reviewed by at least three professional game raters. The ESRB says that â€Å"game raters must be adults and typically have experience with children, whether through prior work experience, education or by being parents or caregivers themselves† (Para 2). This qualification for being a game rater is so that they generally know what children at different age groups can experience under the common standards in society. After reviewing the DVD, the raters recommend a potential rating. Raters can look at similar games’ previous ratings. The raters all deliberate until they all reach an agreement. After the agreement an official rating certificate is presented to game producer to be accepted or appealed. The Appeal Board is a group of publishers, retailer, and other professionals. Once the game is completely finished it is sent to the ESRB to be reviewed again and to make sure it is given the proper rating (ESRB, Para 3). The possible ratings are: Early Childhood, Everyone, Everyone 10+, Teen, Mature, Adults Only, and? Rating Pending. The ESRB is responsible for the enforcement of the ratings. I disagree with videogames being censored because they are unconstitutional. Adam Sessler says, â€Å"As a gamer you have the right to buy and play violent videogames. They are covered by the First Amendment just like R-Rated movies, controversial books, or obscene music† (Attack of the Show). The First Amendment prohibits any law that restricts the establishment of religion, interfere the freedom of press, speech, petition, or assembly. By this law buyers can and should be able to purchase and play videogames as they please. The First Amendment not only protects spoken speech but symbolic speech as well. The only kind of speech that is not protected by the First Amendment is speech that harms another person’s reputation, obscene speech, and speech that violates criminal laws. In the Washington Post, Justice Scalia said, â€Å"I am concerned with the First Amendment which says Congress shall make no law abridging the freedom of speech, and it was always understood that freedom of speech did not include obscenity. It has never been understood that the freedom of speech did not include portrayals of violence† (2010, Para 13, 14). In this situation a videogame is considered speech that is protected by the First Amendment. The rating system, partnerships with retailers and warnings do a good enough job censoring videogames. All of the steps that the ESRB take to rate the games and give ratings should be all that is needed in censoring videogames. Just about every game retailer has a partnership with the ESRB. This partnership controls and regulates which games are sold to specific age groups. All of these partners have a policy of being 18 or older to purchase games that are rated Mature or higher. After purchasing a game that contains adult content, there are warning labels informing the gamer before the game play begins. There are several myths and theories that state violent videogames are linked with aggressive and violent youth. These theories are what brought this whole case up. This science in the case has already been up for debate. Many doctors have said there is not enough sufficient data to prove a direct correlation between aggressive videogames and making kids aggressive. Adam Thierer says that, â€Å"While the videogame industry was exploding between 1994 and 2000, juvenile violent crime arrest dropped by 44% and you adult arrests dropped by 24% according to the U.S. Department of Justice Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention†¦Further a major study on youth violence by the U. S. Surgeon General’s office in 2001 also confirmed that youth violence has declined significantly nationwide and noted that academic research had not shown any significant correlation between videogames and youth violence† (Para 4). This does not mean that there is no connection between violent children and teenagers with violent videogames because; violent people are attracted to violent things. This just means that violent videogames do not make people violent. If this bill is passed then it will tremendously affect the videogame industry. The International Game Developers Association has criticized California’s bill. Trent Nouveau quoted the IGDA by saying, â€Å"Limiting forms of expression in video games limits the expression of game creators, which violates their constitutional rights to free speech in the United States abroad as specified by Article 19 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights from the United Nations† (2010, Para 2). The IGDA is arguing that singling out videogame from other forms of media is unconstitutional and puts unnecessary limitations on one of the largest industries in our economy (2010, Nouveau). The Video Game Votes Network say â€Å"government regulation based on games’ content will stifle creativity, and will have a chilling effect on game publishers who may feel the need to dilute content due to the threat of government action and fines† (2010, Para 2). These regulations will put vast limitations on videogame producers that producers of other forms of media don’t face. This case is still going on and under dispute in the Supreme Court. The fact that Entertainment Merchants Association has won all of the cases in the lower courts gives them a huge advantage in the Supreme Court ruling. They are expecting to hear a ruling in late February or early March of 2011, but in June at the latest because that is when this term of the Supreme Court ends. When a ruling is made there will be no warnings and once the ruling is dropped everyone will have to go from there.

Friday, November 8, 2019

Press Release Sample Essay

Press Release Sample Essay Press Release Sample Essay Michael Phelps to Come Out of Retirement Bob Bowman announces Michael Phelps’ return to the pool in a meet being help in late April in Mesa, Arizona, after his near 2-year retirement since the London Olympic games. There is a possibility he may return for Rio Olympic games in 2016. CHICAGO,IL – April 14,2014 –  ­Ã‚ ­Ã‚ ­Michael Phelps will be returning to the pool on April 24th through the 26th competing in the 50 and 100 meter freestyle, along with the 100 meter butterfly. He has recently returned back to training and re-entered himself into the U.S. drug-testing program. The 6-month wait is over and he is now eligible to compete. Phelps retired from competition back in 2012 after the Olympics in London, and has been occupied with swim schools, and a foundation devoted to water-safety. He also took the time to play golf. â€Å"He’s really doing this because he wants to - there’s no outside pressure at all.† says coach Bob Bowman on Phelps’ return. Even if the two-year retirement affects Phelps’ skills in the pool, â€Å"his legacy is sealed.† There really is nothing for Phelps to lose upon his return. If he does not dominate in his upcoming competitions, his reputation will most likely remain intact, according to Coach Bowman. Bowman says that while Phelps’ â€Å"pretty far† from top form, he has gotten into good shape, and will be able to make a strong effort in these upcoming races without embarrassment. Phelps will most likely keep to the short meter races and maybe

Wednesday, November 6, 2019

Human development the three domains Essay Essays

Human development the three domains Essay Essays Human development the three domains Essay Paper Human development the three domains Essay Paper They begin to organize their ain positions such as which athleticss to play. which groups of friends to be included in. and what personal visual aspects are attractive. The development in believing that happens during adolescence demands fostering in order for it to develop. If an stripling is non exposed to abstract constructs and thoughts at place and in school. so this ability atrophies. and the adolescent may turn up to be an grownup who is a concrete mind in most facets of life ( Huitt. W. . A ; Hummel. J. 2003 ) . The stripling would non be able to do intelligent determinations about life in a modern society. Emotional and societal sphere states the alterations in emotional communicating. ego -understanding. cognition about other people. interpersonal accomplishments. friendly relationships. intimate relationships. and moral logical thinking and behavior. During adolescence. the alterations of friendly relationship occur. traveling in the way of familiarity and trueness. Girl’s friendships topographic point greater accent on emotional intimacy. male childs on position and command ( Berk. 2003 ) . Throughout adolescence the sum of clip spent with friends additions. Adolescents enjoy passing clip with their friends. They feel more understood and accepted by their friends. Less clip is spent with parents. Female adolescent tend to put importance on attraction. Often causes of hapless self-prides are when teens do non comprehend themselves as attractive. Typically. self-esteem additions during late adolescence as teens develop a better sense of who they are ( University of Michigan Hea lth System ) ( UMHS ) . A general illustration that clearly identifies all three spheres including social/emotional. cognitive and physical is an stripling who is playing a association football tourney. Physically he is kicking the ball and running besides he feels the hurting on his leg when he kicks the ball. Cognitively he is believing what if he misses the end. In other words his full concentration is merely on the ball. In footings of his emotional feeling he is experiencing pressured and nervous. Socially he is pass oning with the other participants in his squad. Therefore these illustrations clearly identifies the three spheres are interrelated. The environment influences such as equals. household and instruction have shaped my life and have shaped my alone development. Peers have had a greater influence on determining my life. The equal group is of import because it helps a kid learn societal. friendly relationship. trueness. and values with other equals. Peers do hold greater influence over affairs of immediate life style. such as musical gustatory sensations or leisure activities ( Troll and Bengston. 1982 and Davies and Kandel. as cited in Robertson. 1989. p. 84 ) . Through out my life equals have ever been of import to me. As I grew older I spent more and more clip in the company of my equals. Spending clip with my equals I felt more connected. I chose equals who accept me and whom I portion my attitudes and involvements. I can swear my friends and we help each other out when we have jobs. Friendship provides striplings with a warm. close and swearing relationship ( Santrock 2002 ) . My equals have helped me to be more independent and confident. I was diffident. rather. but by doing friends I felt more comfy and independent around them and around others. The household has the greatest impact on people’s life. From the minute of birth. kids have and ascribed position in a subculture of race. category. ethnicity. faith. and region-all of which may strongly act upon the nature of subsequently societal interaction and socialisation. For illustration. the values and outlooks that kids learn depend really much on the societal category of their parents ( Robertson. 1989 ) . I believe my household has had a batch of influence on determining my development. In my relationships with my household we show respect for each other and we have values in our house. Most values that I hold have been my beliefs in faith. It was my parents who taught me the beliefs that god exists and today I am a strong truster of God. We have Hindu traditions that we celebrate together including Diwali ( festival of visible radiations ) . Through out high school I didn’t fume. drink or acquire into drugs this is because of my close relationship with my household. healthy unfastened communicating and parental support. Research shows teens who have positive relationships with their parents are less likely to prosecute in assorted hazard behaviors. including smoke. combat and imbibing ( Santrock 2002 ) . My household has besides had a batch of influence on my dietetic behavior within my place environment. My parents are vegetarian and this has had a immense impact on my diet today. They have strongly emphasized no violent death of animate beings. Education is another environmental influence that has shaped my development. Education is the systematic. formalized transmittal of cognition. accomplishment. and values ( Robertson. 1989 ) . Through instruction I have learnt how to talk English which is my 2nd linguistic communication. Language has helped me to pass on with others and has helped me to present my ego to a wider community of people. By traveling to school I have learnt a assortment of facts and accomplishments such as interacting with others. Through engagement in academic plans and campus life. pupils engaged in geographic expedition that produces additions in cognition and concluding ability. revised attitudes and values. enhanced self-esteem and self cognition. and readying for a high-status calling ( Berk. 2007 ) . Schools have besides taught me wonts of promptness and obeisance to authorization. this has helped me through out my life. Through my instruction I have started to eat healthy nutrient and exercising on a regular basis as before I would eat a batch of processed and unhealthy nutrient. ( REF ) . Education has been an of import chance to occupational and fiscal success. It has given me the ability to go to university and complete my certification programme which will take me to bachelor of nursing grade. To reason its contextual influences that drives these three spheres which are physical. cognitive and emotional/social spheres. for illustration duty. environment. nutrient. instruction. household. relationships and civilization. These are used in mundane life. Berk. L. E. ( 2007 ) . Development through the lifetime ( 4th ed. ) . Boston: Allyn A ; Bacon. Robertson. I. ( 1989 ) . Soialization. In society: A brief debut. ( pp. 69-93 ) . New York: Worth. Santrock. J. . ( 2002 ) . Life-span development. ( 8th ed. ) . Boston: McGraw Hill.

Monday, November 4, 2019

Case against Illegal Music Downloading Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 4

Case against Illegal Music Downloading - Essay Example   According to the utilitarian rule of ethics, benefits of a decision should be experienced by the entire society and decisions that benefit a few while negatively impacting the overall society should be avoided as they are illegal. In the case of illegal downloading of music, those benefiting include those who download music for free and those who supply this form of illegal music, on the other hand, those who have invested heavily including the music recording companies and those who have purchased copyrights and the musicians themselves are being negatively impacted. There are even those who believe that musicians make a lot of money through concerts and brand endorsements and if the music is provided for free, it would not impact them. Although musicians make a lot of money, there is no reason why they should not benefit from the sale of their own benefit. Another reason due to which illegal music downloading should be completely banned is that it is destroying the entire music industry. It is negatively impacting those who make music as well as those who sell it. The music industry comprises of music recording companies who are privately owned organization and are operating with the primary aim of increasing their profits and the profits of their shareholders. If music continues to be distributed and downloaded in an illegal manner, the music producing companies will be ripped off their profits and there will be no motive of producing music and thus this will lead to complete destruction of music. According to statistics provided by RIAA, during the period of 2004 to 2009, around 30 billion music tracks were downloaded in an illegal manner (RIAA, 1999). Assuming that the selling price of 1 song is $1, this means that music companies lost $30 billion due to music being downloaded in an illegal manner. The main reason due to which illegal music downloading should be illegalized and should be controlled is that it will ultimately discourage musicians from m aking music and this would include those who have been making music for quite some time and even those who are yet to enter the market.     

Friday, November 1, 2019

Depletion of the High Plains Aquifer (paper 5) Essay

Depletion of the High Plains Aquifer (paper 5) - Essay Example In America there is an adequate amount of agricultural land to, for the most part, sustain our population. Gutentag’s observations indicate that the farmers of this agricultural land in turn rely heavily on whatever water resources they can exploit to bolster production. Irrigation is the major issue causing a depletion of the water table in this region, posing a major threat to the Ogallala aquifer (Gutentag). The recharge is considered a factor of interest in this paper. Cities located on the aquifer will also be considered as possible factors. This paper will examine the origin of the Ogallala aquifer, its depletion, consequences of this depletion and the possible measures which can be taken to curb its depletion. Besides, I will also address the counterarguments to this depletion. Before evaluating whether depletion in aquifers is anthropogenic or natural it would benefit to address where the ground water came from. Multiple factors play the contributory role in the establ ishment of underground water among which are glacial melt, underground water movement through infiltration and percolation (MacNeill; McDermott &. Horne).â€Å"Glaciers account for more than scenic alpine landscapes. Glacial deposits form fertile soils in the Unites States and southern Canada and many ground-water aquifers†(Smith 438). 21,000 years ago a massive glacier covered most of the United States. As this glacier receded to what now is the glacier covering Greenland, it ground the surface rock, creating fertile soil in its wake as well as saturating the aquifers below. Since then there has been small amounts of recharge from rain and snow absorption, but the vast majority was accumulated from the last ice age (Hutson, Barber, Kenny, Linsey, Lumia, and Maupin). During the thawing process, when the snow water melts, some melt water find their way to the underground channels though the soil pores and rock joints. This seeping water upon reaching the aquifer often settle i n this region to form the underground punk. Besides, the glacial moraine forms fertile grounds for agricultural practices, a common phenomenon which ushered in the south west region after the universal glacial recession, the geologic ice age, about 250- 350 million years ago. The presence of fertile soil and convenient access to groundwater below the surface has created an agricultural oasis in the Midwest, but the many straws stuck into the aquifer are draining it at an alarming rate. Ground water in aquifers is typically discharged through natural and anthropogenic means. â€Å"Permanently flowing streams intersect the water table and gain discharge from ground water flow. Streams not in contact with the water table are dry during periods of limited rainfall. When streams above the water table receives runoff, some of the flow is lost to ground water through infiltration through the bed† (Smith 418). In nature, without anthropogenic effects, an individual would note that Aq uifers are constantly ‘full’, giving off whatever rainfall or snowmelt acquired in the form of discharge into local streams. This is almost never the case currently, due to the result of the anthropogenic effect on the aquifers. As humans have tapped into the aquifers, they have dropped